Pleaching is a method of training trees, often into a hedge on stilts, by weaving and intertwining their branches to create a dense, narrow screen or hedge. It's a technique I use to screen above a fence line without having a large footprint of an Arborvitae or Leyland Cypress. For our area, I prefer to use our native Hornbeam. It trains well and is endemic to our area.

Espalier is a horticultural technique where trees, usually fruit trees, are trained to grow flat against a support like a wall or fence. I use this technique as a space saver for trees, shrubs and vines. There is also the added advantage of weaving together complementary branches from different plants. The Celeste Fig is an excellent example of a fruit tree I have worked with over the years.